. The skeleton system consists of a large number of bones that form a structure called skeleton. The skeleton serves the purpose of a strong framework for the attachment of various muscles of our body and also serves as a source of protection of important organs of our body, such as brain, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, etc. It gives shape to the body. Its bones serve as levers in doing work and the bone marrow found inside the bones manufactures some of the cells of the blood.
(i) Skull bones.
(ii) Backbones.
(iii) Ribs
(iv) Shoulder girdle bones
(v) Bones of upper limbs
(vi) Pelvic bones
(vii) Bones of lower limbs
These bones are connected together to form joints.
Joints are held firmly together by strong white fibrous bands called ligaments (See Fig. b). In some parts of the
body, where an elastic but strong substance is required, as in nose, cartilage takes the place of bones.
Joints : The joints of the body can be classified into three main categories, i.e.
(1)
Immovable joints as in the skull.
(2) Slightly movable joints such as between the bodies of the vertebrae, and
(3) Freely movable joints, such as shoulder, hip joints, etc. These joints enable us to perform movements like :
(a) Flexion and Extention
(b) Rotation
(c) Elevation and Depression
(d) Abduction and Adduction.
These movements of the body are performed by the bones with the help muscles that are attached to them.
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